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Opponency theory:
The idea that perceived colour depends, in human vision, upon the balance of activity in
mechanisms tuned to complementary colours.
Optic array: The
complex but structured pattern of light rays that arrives at any given point in the world
and which is, in principle, the visual stimulus available to an observer at that point.
Orientation selectivity:
A property of many cells in the visual cortex, where the cell responds to stimuli of one
orientation better than to stimuli of other orientations.
Perception: The
awareness in the infant of different tastes and smells which helps it identify care givers
such as its own mother.
Perceptual model:
An internal representation of the world, based upon prior knowledge, that can explain the
current pattern of physical stimulation.
Periodic waveform:
A repetitive waveform consisting of a sequence of identical cycles.
Personal norms:
In the theory of reasoned action, those determinants of behaviour such as feelings of
moral obligation.
Personality: The
set of habitual attitudes and styles of interacting with people and the world around us
which the child acquires as part of its development.
Persuasive communications:
In the theory of attitude change, those messages that attempt to change people’s
minds despite being different from the participants’ initial attitudes.
Phase change: In
environmental cognition, the boundaries on a map visualised by an individual, such as
where land gives way to water.
Phenomenology: In
the study of personality, a method of studying conscious, mental experiences in relation
to specific events.
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